Detector device for bottles, jars, or cans.



N0. 683,84l. Patented Oct. I, I90I.

E. J. BROWN. DETECTOR DEVICE FOR BOTTLES, JARS, 0B CANS.

(Application filed Feb. 9, 1901.) (No Model.) 2 Shaets-Sheat I.

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Patented on. I, I901. E. J. snowu. I

DETECTOR DEVICE FOR BOTTLES, JARS, 0R CANS.

(Application filed Feb. 9, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(N0 Model.)

WITNESSES: 56

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWIN JEROME BROWN, OF ONEIDA, NEW YORK.

DETECTOR DEVICE FOR BOTTLES, JARS, OR CANS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 683,841, dated October 1, 1901.

Application filed February 9', 1901. Serial No. 46,677. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may 'coi'wern: V

Be it known that I, EDWIN JEROME BROWN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Oneida, in the county of Madison and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Detector Device for Bottles, Jars, or Cans, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in means for preventing the refilling of glass bottles or jars or metallic cans with transparent tops with inferior or adulterated goods after said receptacles have once been emptied of their original contents and for preventing the opening of glass bottles or jars or metallic cans with transparent tops after they have been hermetically sealed, corked, or covered without a person immediately detecting the fact that the bottle, jar, or can has been opened. Ordinarily such devices are a part of the bottles, jars, or cans or require some change in the shape of the can or when used render the bottle, jar, or can unfit for use again.

My invention does not affect the bottle, jar, or can and requires no change in its shape. It is entirely independent of the bottle, jar, or can.

After a receptacle has been once used it can be used again for the same or for other purposes. The detector device, however, can be used but once, as it is destroyed immediately by the mere uncovering of the receptacle. The manufacturer of the original contents of the bottle, jar, or can when using the improved device may fill the receptacle again with the original or accredited goods and the purchaser will be as perfectly protected as at first. If desired, the receptacle can thus be returned to the manufacturer and the bottle, jar, or can may be used over and over again, it being remembered that each time a new detector device must be placed in the receptacle, since said device is destroyed when the bottle, jar, or can is opened; but as no one not entitled thereto can obtain the device from the manufacturer no one can use the detector device except the persons Who have acquired such right. Should the bottle, jar,

or can not contain the device-intact,or should it be discovered to be broken before the bottle, can, or jar is opened, the contents of the receptacle will be shown and known to be spurious.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of the several parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in Which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the outer member of the detector with the bottom removed. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the inner member of the detector. Fig. 3 is a detail view ofa valve for the outer member of the detector. Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the complete detector ready to be placed in a bottle. Fig. 5 is a plan View of the inner member of the detector. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the outer member of the detector. Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the bottle, its cork, and stopper, and also a vertical section through the detector in position in the bottle, the cork being only partially entered. Fig. 8 is a vertical section through the upper portion of a bottle and its detector, the cork having been forced to place and sealed in position. Fig. 9 is a vertical section through the upper portion of a sealed bottle and a vertical section through a modified form of detector in position in the bottle. Fig. 10 is a vertical section through the outer member of the detector shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a vertical section through a further modified form of the detector. Fig. 12 is a vertical section through the upper portion of a bottle, showing the detector illustrated in Fig. 11 in section and in position in the bot tle. Fig. 13 is a vertical section through another form of the detector. Fig. 14 is a section through a cap for the same. Fig. 15 is a vertical section through the bottom portion of a bottle and a vertical section through the form of the detector shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the detector being in position in the bottle. Fig. 16 is a vertical section through the inner member of another form of the detector. Fig. 17 is a vertical section through the outer member of the said detector. Fig. 18 is a vertical section through the complete detector, parts of which are shown in Figs. 16 and 17, the outer member of the detecter not having received its charge of air; andFig. 19 is a vertical section through the detector shown in Fig. 18, ready to be placed in a bottle, can, or other vessel.

The detector consists of an outer member A and an inner member B, both of which members may be constructed of glass, or the inner member may be constructed of metal or other suitable material, and both of them are of cylindrical form. The outer member A is provided with an upper permanent head 10, in the center of which an opening 11 is made, and this opening is surrounded by a flaring collar 12, which extends within the said outer member A, as is clearly shown in Fig. 1. At the periphery of the head horizontally-extendinglugs 13 are formed, or said periphery may be serrated or provided with a series of teeth 14, as shownin Fig. 6. The lower end of the outer member A of the detector is temporarily open or remains open until the said outer member has been fully charged with compressed air, whereupon a sealing plate or head 15 is firmly secured to the lower end of the outer member A in any manner which will eitect a complete closure at said end. The inner member B is provided with two heads 16 and 17, permanently attached to the body, and at the peripheral portion of both of the heads 16 and 17 lugs 18 are formed, as shown in Fig. 5, or these lugs may be substituted by serrations or teeth. A downwardly-extending nipple 18 is formed on the lower head 17 of the inner member B, and when the inner member B has been filled with compressed air the nipple 18 is hermetically closed in any suitable manner.

In connection with the outer member A a mantle 19 is employed, which may be of leather or of rubber or other suitable material, and this mantle is provided with an opening 20 at its top. The mantle is so shaped that it will snugly fit the collar 12 at the upper portion of the outer member A of the detector, and in connection with the mantle 19 a ball-valve 21 is employed, provided, preferably, with a stem 22, adapted to extend out through the opening 20 in the mantle 19 when the ball-valve is within the said mantle, as shown in Fig. 7.

After the inner member B has been charged with air and the nipple 18 has been hermetically closed said member B is placed in the outer member A and the projections or lugs 18 from the periphery of the inner member will engage with the inner face of the body of the outer member A, thus preventing the inner member from having side movement in the outer member. Prior to placing the inner member B in the outer memberA the ball-valve is placed in the mantle and the mantle is introduced into the collar 12 of the outer member. The outer member being new charged with compressed air, its lower sealing-plate is secured to the body. As the outer member A is charged the ball-valve 21 is esaeei forced upward, causing the mantle 19 to close around the stem and completely close the opening 11 at the top of the said outer member, as shown in Fig. 4. The nipple 18 of the inner member B will now rest upon the bottom of the outer member A.

0 represents a bottle in which the detector is placed. The inner face of the neck 0 of the bottle is given a downward and. inward inclination, as is best shown in Fig. 8, so that the detector may be readily introduced into the body of the bottle through the neck and held in position by reason of the project-ions 13 from the upper head of the outer member A engaging with the inner Wall of the neck, as is shown in both Figs. 7 and 8. The stopper 23, which is adapted to fit into the neck, is provided with a releasing-plate 24E at the central portion of its bottom. This releasing-plate may be made of glass orof non-corrosive metal, and as soon as the cork or stopper 23 is forced down to position in the neck the releasing or striking plate 24: will engage with the projecting end of the valve-stem 22 and will force the valve down into the outer member A, as is shown in Fig. 8, permitting the air with which said member is filled to escape into the body of the bottle. The cork is now sealed in position in any approved manner. As soon as the cork is removed from the bottle the inner member B by reason of the air-pressure will immediately explode or break, so that it is possible at all times to positively ascertain if a package has been tampered with, and, as heretofore stated, if a package has been refilled and is presented for sale without theinner member B appearing intact it is evidence that the material is spurious.

In Fig. 9 I have illustrated a slight departure in the construction 01 the detector. The inner member B is identical in construction with the inner member-B, (shown in Fig. 1 and heretofore described,) and the outer member A is likewise of the same construction as has been described, with the exception that an annular groove 25 is formed in the body portion of the said member A near the top and the flanges or serrations are omitted from the peripheral top portion of the device. The device when so constructed is supported in the body of the bottle or other vessel by noncorrosive Wires 26, connected in any suitable or approved manner at their outer portion, and these wires are secured at the grooved portion 25 of the detector. The Wires extend through the cork or stopper 27, and when the cork is placed in the bottle the detector will occupy a position somewhat below the cork. The cork can now be sealed, and after sea1- ing the cork the detector is drawn up by means of the said wires 26 and the valve of the detector is brought into engagement with the striking or releasing plate 28, which is secured to the bottom of the stopper 27, and the air in the outer member A is permitted to mingle with the contents of the bottle.

I desire it to be understood that the striking or releasing plate may be provided with a stem extending downward therefrom when the stem 22 is omitted from the ball-valve 21 or when the said stem of the ball-valve is very short. I furthermore desire it to be understood that instead of running the supporting-wire for the detector through the cork or stopper the outer ends of these wires may be secured to the neck of the bottle at its mouth portion and the cork may be forced down into the neck between the wires.

Under the construction shown in Figs. 11 and 12 the outer and inner members A and B of the detectorare connected, the inner member being integral with or in any.manner attached to the bottom edge 33 of the outer member,and the said outer member is provided with an upper head 28 shown with horizontal marginal peripheral lugs 13, and in its upper head 28* a central opening 29 is produced, surrounded by a flaring collar 30, which extends within the upper portion of said outer member. This collar is adapted to receive a mantle 31, in which mantle a ball-valve 32 is located, the stem whereof passes out through the mantle. At the central portion of the lower head 33 a neck 34 is formed, and where this neck connects with the head a seat is formed for a mantle 35, in which mantle a ball-valve 36 is located, the stem of the valve extending out through the mantle into the said neck. When this form of detector is to be filled, it is placed in a suitable vessel or apparatus for charging it with air and both of the members are simultaneously charged. When a suitable charge is obtained, the valves are drawn outward by means of wires detachably connected with the valve-stems and leading out beyond the apparatus or attached to suitable mechanism within said apparatus. Immediately after taking the detector from the compressed-air reservoir or apparatus the end of the neck 34 is hermetically sealed with glass or in any suitable or approved manner. The detector shown in Fig. 11 is illustrated in position in the neck of the bottle in Fig. 12, being held therein by means of the projections 13, and the stopper 38 for the bottle is provided with a releasing-plate 39, which when the stopper is forced downward opens the upper valve and permits the air to escape from the outer member of the detector.

In Figs. 13 and 15 I have illustrated another form of detector, in which the inner and the outer members are also made integral; but the inner member B is secured to or is made integral with the upper head of the outer member A and an opening is made in the upper head of the outer member A surrounded by an upwardly-extending neck 41. This opening may be closed through the medium of a mantle 40 and a ball-valve 40. The lower head of the outer member A of the detector is provided with a large opening, around which a neck is placed, having an exterior thread 42, and the bottom of this neck is closed, except at its center, where an opening 43 is formed, the said opening being surrounded by an inwardly-extending collar 44. This collar is adapted to receive a mantle 50, containing a ball-valve 45, provided with a suitable stem. This form of the detector is charged in the same manner as has been described with reference to the form shown in Fig. 11. This form of detector is adapted to rest upon the bottom of the bottle G, as shown in Fig. 15, and before the detector is placed in the bottle the open end of the neck 41 is hermetically sealed with glass or in any suitable or approved manner, and a cap 51 is screwed upon the threaded lower end of the outer member A and within this cap a piece of hard dried Wood 52 is fitted, provided with a releasing-plate 53, of glass or of non-corrosive material. When the cap is screwed upon the body portion of the detector, the releasing-plate is out of engagement with the stem of the valve but after the detector has been placed in the fluid for a time the wood 52 swells and the releasing-plate is brought forcibly against the stem of the lower valve, the said valve is opened, and the air passes through the outer member of the detector and through the space which naturally exists between the threaded surfaces of the cap and lower section of the detector.

I desire it to be understood that the detector shown in Fig. 11 may be suspended by wires, as has been described in connection with the other forms, and that after the detectors shown in Figs. 11 and 13 have been charged the outer ends of the necks 34 and 41 are closed, as shown in Figs. 12 and 15.

In Figs. 16, 17, 18, and 19 I have illustrated in detail another form of detector. The inner member B is provided at the top With a long neck 54, and where this neck connects with the body of the inner member 13 a concaved outer face is formed, and lugs are also made to extend from the upper side portions of this inner member. The lower end of the inner member is normally open; but after it has received a charge it is sealed by a suitable plate 56, and in this memberof the detector a mantle 54 is located, which acts in conjunction with a valve 55 to close the neck at its lower end when the said member has been charged. The outer member A in this form of the device is provided with an upper head 57, having marginal extensions 57 therefrom, and a central dome extension 58, at the top of which an opening 59 is made. The bottom of the outer member A is normally open, but is closed by a suitable plate 60 when the said member has received its charge. Prior to charging the outer member the neck 54 of the inner member 13 is passed up and out through the opening 59 in the dome of the head 57 of the outer member, and a packing 61 surrounds the base of the neck 54, resting upon the concaved outer face 55 of the said inner member, and as the outer member A is charged the inner member is forced upward and the packing engages with the under face of the head 57 of the outer member and, closing tightly around the neck 5-1: in the dome 58, effectually prevents the escape of air. In fact, the upper portion of the inner member of this form of detector is utilized as a valve. When the inner member of the detector has been filled, the outer end of the neck 54 is closed, as shown in Fig. 19. This form of detector may be suspended in the neck of a bottle by means of wires or supported therein by the extensions 57 from the periphery of the upper head of the outer member A, and when the cork is placed in the neck of a bottle the releasing-plate in the cork will engage with the closed end of the neck M and will force the said inner member down to the position shown in Fig. 1.8, permitting the air in the outer member A to escape through the opening 59 around the neck.

The form of the inner member 13 (shown in Figs. 16, 18, and 19) may be used in connection with the outer member A, Fig. 1, the said member A being made long enough to completely contain the said inner member B with its long neck 54. It may also be used in connection with an ordinary vial or a homeopathic vial long enough and large enough to contain it and still small enough to enter the neck of the bottle, jar, or can in which it is to be used, or with a tube of proper size and dimensions the open end of the vial or the open ends of the tube to be closed in any suitable or approved manner, so as to allow the escape of the compressed air contained within the tubes and to prevent the escape of any of the pieces of the inner member from the outer member after the inner member has exploded or become broken.

The members, cylinders, or tubes forming the main portion of the detector are shown round, as stated, but they may be made square, three sided, many sided, or of any desired shape or size that does not prevent the introduction of the device into a bottle through the neck. The inner member may be made of uncolored glass, or it maybe made of non-corrosive metal or other suitable ma terial. When the two members are made in one piece at the same time, the inner member will probably have to be made of uncolored transparent glass, the same as the outer memher; but when the two parts are made separately and afterward welded or joined together the inner member may be made of any color and may be made transparent or opaque to adapt it to or contrast it with the color of the bottle, jar, or glass top of a metallic can in which it is to be used or with the contents of the same, so that it will be easy to discover by mere inspection of the vessel whether the inner member has been broken or not before the bottle is opened.

The reason of the explosion of the inner member of the devices is this: The moment the cork is removed or a hole bored in it or a member.

bottle, can, or jar is broken or anything hap pens that will allow the air to escape from that moment the pressure is relieved from the air or liquid in the bottle, jar, or can and the compressed air escapes from the neck and that relieves the pressure upon the liquid and upon the air in the outer member, which escapes through the opening in the top of said member or between the threads in the form of the device shown in Fig. 13. The air thus released passes into the liquid, through the liquid into the neck of the bottle, and so into the outer air. The compressed air in the inner member pressing against the sides the moment the pressure on the outside of the inner member is the required number of pounds or ounces less than the pressure on the inside the said compressed air bursts or explodes the inner member, and the compressed air escapes through the opening at the top of the outer member, and the broken parts of the inner member fall to the bottom of the outer member and remain within it, the end of the outer member being closed, so that only the air can escape from it, and therefore cannot reach the liquid contained in the receptacle.

If the inner member is filled to explode when the outside pressure is normal, it will not explode until the pressure in the bottle is reduced to normal. If it is filled to explode when the outside pressure is five pounds or any number of pounds or ounces to the square inch, it will explode when the pressure in the bottle is reduced to that amount.

Preferably the body portion of the inner member of the detector is made thinner than the head portions, and the heads may be re inforced where they connect with the body, so that'when the inner member is exploded the body portion only will be shattered, the upper head simply falling downward. The protruding portions at the peripheral portion of the outer member are in the form oflugs, teeth, or serrations in order that the least possible resistance may be offered to the passage of the air, and the horizontal extensions on the inner member are made in order to prevent the said body of the member coming in contact with the body portion of the outer member. Ordinarily the body of the outer member of a detector is made much thicker than the corresponding portion of the inner The name of the firm or corporation using the device or the trade-mark name of the contents of the bottle, jar, or can or the Word Patented and the (late of the patent or the date of bottling or any name or design that the user may desire and that will not interfere with the usefulness of the device may be blown, molded, or stamped in the end covers or heads of the inner member and also in the heads of the outer member, if desired.

The mantles may be made of three thicknesses. The two outside surfaces may be of some elastic substance, and the inside thickness may be of non-elasticor pliable material, or a mantle may consist of three independent sections first, a thin elastic section to cover the ball-valve; second, a thin nonelastic but pliable mantle to rest upon and over the first section, and, third, a thin elastic section to cover and rest upon section 2 and to come in contact with a bearing-surface prepared to receive it.

In making use of any of the forms of the device there can be and in making use of the forms included in Figs. 1 and 10 there must be an especial air-chamber made tight enough and strong enough to contain com pressed air up to a certain pressure, whichmay be one, two, or more atmospheres, and the room or chamber is provided with an escape-valve which may be regulated to maintain the pressure at any predetermined number of ounces or pounds to the square inch or to constantly vary the pressure between predetermined degrees. The air is forced into the chamber by means of an air-pump worked by steam or other power, so there is a constant supply of air within said chamber kept at the required pressure or at a constantlyvarying pressure by means of the air-pump and escape-valve. By watching the air-pressure gage, which must be in sight in the airchamber, and closing the escape-valve after the air-pump has commenced working the air-pressure will constantly increase until the gage shows the highest degree which is desired. Then by shutting off the pump and opening the escape-valve the pressure can be slowly lessened until it reaches the lowest point desired. Operating in this manner the pressure can very easily be kept constantly varying. Under such circumstances some of the members of the devices will be filled with air at one pressure and others. at diiferent pressures, and no two sets of members will be likely to be filled with air at the same pressure.

The air-chamber is made large enough to contain a sufficient number of workmen and apparatus and, in fact, everything necessary for treating the devices. After the openings at the upper heads of the outer members are closed and the opening at the bottom of the inner member when the first form of the device is used and after the corresponding openings are closed when other forms of the device are used and while the air-pump is not working the members may be carried from the air-chamber to any place for shipment or for use.

When it is desired to have the pressure of the air inside the inner member greater than the pressure on the inside of the outer member, the inner member, as shown in Fig. 16, can be filled with compressed air in a special air-chamber contained within the large airchamber, the strength of the inner member and the pressure of the air within it being so regulated that it will not explode or break on account of the condensed air until the air or fluid on the outside of it is at normal pressure. with compressed air at the required pressure within the special air-chamber and the ballvalve 55*, with its mantle 54, is firmly seated in the lower part of the neck 55 and by mechanism within the special air-chamber can be removed from the special air-chamber into the large air-chamber, where the air is not compressed to so great a degree. The ballvalve 55, with its mantle 54, will prevent the compressed air in the inner member 13 from escaping into the large air-chamber. The upper end of the neck 54 can then be sealed with glass or in any approved mapner to prevent the escape of any of the compressed air within the inner member B in case the ball-valve 55 or the mantle 5? become displaced or for any cause fail to prevent the escape of the compressed air. The inner member 13 can then be placed completely inside the outside member or vial ortube and the outside member closed, as here inbefore set forth, and they are ready for shipment. Then the bottles are also filled with compressed air and sealed within the air-chamber by the workmen after the devices have been placed within them, the outside member is partially closed, so that the compressed air can escape therefrom, but in such a manner that none of the pieces of the material of the inner member after it is broken can pass out of the outer member into the contentsof the bottle or-inclosing vessel. f

The inner member when thus filled There are two ways in which the pressure I at which the inner member may explode can be varied for different inner members. If all of the inner members are made of the same strength, the pressure of the air in the airchamber can be constantly varied by means of the escape-valve and pump, so that no two inner members in any one gross will explode or be crushed when the difierence in pressure between the inside and the outside of the inner member is the same. If the inner members are made of varying strength, the airpressure can be kept constant, and the same result will be attained. If desired, the two methods can be used-one at one time and one at another. If the inner members be made of difierent strength, the number of ounces or of pounds pressure at which the inner member will explode or be crushed will be marked on each box of such members at the time they are packed by the manufacturer.

- a flameand blowpipe or some other adequate means which will draw the edges together, or

the workmen heat the edges and seal the openings at the bottom of the inner members with melted glass or metal or other suitable material, which unites the edges and hermetically closes the openings. When the inner members B thus treated are washed and dried, they are placed inside of the outer members A. The serrated edges at the top of the inner member fit rather closely to the inside of the outer member A, so that the inner member cannot be broken by striking against the inside or ends of the outer member; but the air can pass without obstruction.

The workmen now seal the open ends of the outer members in any approved manner, and then the device, consisting of an outer and an inner member, maybe packed for shipment and is ready for use.

I am aware that in my application for a patent, filed July 20, 1900, Serial No. 2%,300, I have described a somewhat similar device. In the present case the principal difference lies in opening the outer member A after it is placed in the bottle and after the bottle is corked and made air-tight. In the application Serial No. 24,300, above referred to, the device has an opening in the outer member, but has no ball-valve and mantle. The two members are filled with compressed air in an air-chamber, which also contains the bottles and workmen, and the bottles are corked and sealed in this air-chamber after the devices are placed in them, and thus the bottles are filled with compressed air of the same degree of pressure as the air within the devices or detectors.

In this present application the detectors can be filled with compressed air in the same manner as in the application above referred to or with compressed air or compressed gas in a chamber or air-tight box which is not adapted to contain workmen. In fact, workmen could not remain in the box even were it made large enough ifcompressed gas be used. Neither are the bottles filled with material placed within this air chamber or box. The improved form of the device can be used in bottles or receptacles containing liquids that ferment and produce a gas or liquids which are charged with fixed air or gas or in receptacles containing powders or other dry substances. When the contents of the receptacle are opaque, the detector is placed in the neck of the bottle or just under the transparent top of a can. In the present form of the device the bottles or receptacles which are to contain the device can also be filled with compressed air in the same air-chamber in which the outer members are filled with compressed air at a greater degree of pressure in a special or extra compressed-air chamber contained within the larger air-chamber and the device placed within the bottles and the bottles or receptacles corked or covered and sealed within the large air-chamber, if desired.

It will he understood that the serrated extensions or guards at the periphery of tho members,while desirable, may be omitted, especially when the device is to be used in bottles containing liquid, as the liquid finds its way into the outer member, taking the place of the compressed air in that member. When the bottle is corked, the liquid thus forms practically a cushion between the inside and outside members and prevents the inside member striking against the outside member with sufficient force to break it, and while I prefer to have the glass or other material of which the inner member is composed made thinner at the central portion of the inner member than the portions of the member near its ends, still the said member may be made of uniform or nearly uniform thickness, and the result of the explosion is practically the same, as the inside member is shattered no matter which form is used.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A detector for receptacles, comprising a vessel independent of the receptacle,adapted to be placed therein and capable of being broken by fluid-pressure when the receptacle is opened to the atmosphere, the said vessel comprising two complete tubular members, and a valve controlling the outlet of one of the members, as specified.

2. A detector for receptacles, comprisinga vessel independent of the receptacle and adapted to be placed therein, which vessel comprises an inner and an outer tubular member, the inner member being of a fragile material, both members being sealed under pressure differing from the normal atmospheric pressure, said fragile member being adapted to break when the receptacle is opened to the atmosphere, and a valve for the outer member, adapted to be opened while the detector is in the receptacle, as set forth.

3. A detector for receptacles, comprising a vessel adapted to be introduced in the receptacle, which detector comprises two tubular members one within the other, the inner member being of fragile material, both mem= here being filled and sealed under pressure differing from normal atmospheric pressure, the said fragile member being adapted to break when subjected to atmospheric pressure, the outer member being provided with an opening, and a valve normally closing the opening and capable of being opened from the exterior of the device.

A detector for receptacles, comprising a vessel adapted to be introduced in the receptacle, which detector consists of an inner and an outer tubular member, the inner member being of fragile material and having an inlet which is permanently sealed after charging, the outer member being provided with an opening and a valve which closes said opening and adapted to be unseated after the detector is in the receptacle, whereby the members of the detector may be charged with air or gas at a pressure differing from the normal atmospheric pressure,and be transported from place to place, as set forth.

5. Areceptacle and a detector therefor, the said detector consisting of inner and outer tubular members, the inner member being of a fragile material and having an inlet adapted to be permanently sealed when said inner member is charged, the outer member being provided with an opening, a valve which closes said opening after the outer memberis charged, means for supporting the detector within the receptacle, and devices for unseating the valve in the outer member after the receptacle is sealed, as described.

6. A receptacle and adetector therefor,the said detector consisting of an inner and an outer tubular member, the inner member being of fragile material and having a valvecontrolled inlet, the outer member being provided with an opposing valve-controlled inlet, and means substantially as described, for supporting the detector Within the receptacle and unseating the valve of the outer tubular member of the detector after the receptacle has been sealed.

7. A'detector for receptacles, comprising a vessel adapted to be introduced into the receptacle, which detector consists of an inner and an outer tubular member,the inner member being of fragile material, having an inlet which is permanently sealed after charging, the outer member being provided with an opening in its top, a collar around said opening, a packing-mantle arranged to enter the said collar, and a ball-valve located within the mantle, the said valve being nnseated by pressure exerted from the exterior of the device, as specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWIN JEROME BROWN.

Witnesses:

TAYLOR OHAPIN, BYRON J. CHURCHILL. 

